MYCOLOGICAL PROSPECTION OF THE GLADIOLUS CORM IMPORTS IN SPAIN

The gladiolus corm imports represent more than half of the Spanish total flower bulbs import, the spanish seed production being minimal (Table 1).

Working with the frontier phytosanitary services a prospection of a significative part of the seed imports took place since 1979 to 1984. The study was oriented to estimate the difficulties of the phytosanitary inspection with limited means.
This is a summary of such a study based specially on the receipts of the Barcelona and Valencia agencies.

The sending with more than 10.000 corms by variety and size were sampled with no less than 125 corms.
Twenty per cent of them were processed in the laboratory and the remainder was planted on the fields (Table 2).

The symptomatology of affected corms is plural, specially on those cases that can be associated with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. gladioli (MAS.) Sny. et Han.
So it was accomplished to re-evaluate them stimulating the pathogenicity of the different type symptoms and associated fungal strains.

A list of symptoms that seems adequate for the frontier phytosanitary inspection has been elaborated covering major fungal diseases: Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. gladioli (MAS.) Sny. et Hn. (Fog), Botrytis gladiolorum Timm; Penicillium gladioli Mc.
Cull. et Thom., Curvularia trifolii (Kauffm.) Boedijn. f.sp. gladioli Parmelee et Lutrell and Stromatinia gladioli (Drayt.) Whetz. (Table 3).

The frequency of symptoms for the Holland and Israel imports and the evolution along the years are tabulated in Tables 4 and 5 respectively.

Table 1 – Spanish bulb imports (1982)

Plant material propagation

Amount (X103 Pesetas)

Hyacinth	9.128
Narcissus	2.000
Tulip	20,000
Gladiolus	155.980
Others	76.761
On active growth	2.615

IV International Symposium on Flower Bulbs

J. Garcia-Jimenez, V.J. Piera, A. Alfaro

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1986.177.81