Fruit growing history in South Tyrol (northern Italy)

South Tyrol produces almost one million metric tons of apples annually on approximately 18,600 ha of land.
The story began in the Middle Ages, with the cultivation of wine and fruit on the southern estates of Bavarian monasteries.
The regulation of the Etsch/Adige River in the 19^th century opened new agricultural land for fruit growing in the valley, increasing overall production.
After World War II, apple cultivation resumed, reaching a production of 107,000 t in 1945. The establishment of agricultural training and education courses, the founding of vocational schools, the opening of an agricultural high school (1980), and later the launch of university-level agricultural courses (1999) led to a professionalisation of the sector.
Since the founding of the extension service (Südtiroler Beratungsring) in 1957, a well-organized advisory system has continuously provided growers with individualized support and key information.
The creation of the Laimburg Research Centre in 1975, along with subsequent intensive fruit-growing research, sparked constant innovation in the sector.
Research and advisory support also contributed to progressive ecologisation, leading to the widespread adoption of integrated production and a steadily growing organic sector.
Measures such as anti-frost irrigation, hail protection netting, and expanded storage capacities enabled the reduction of dependence on weather conditions and global markets.
A targeted and thoughtful selection of cultivars – in cooperation with marketing and research – and a modern tree nursery system as the basis for high-quality production have fostered competitiveness on the world market.
These combined factors have driven the success of apple growing in South Tyrol.
The continuous cooperation, exchange of information, and consultation among stakeholders – research institutes, advisory services, public administration, and agricultural and professional organizations – have proven to be the winning formula for the largest contiguous fruit-growing region in Europe.

EHC2024: International Symposium on the History of Horticulture in Europe

J. Dalla Via, S. Baric

South Tyrol, apple fruit growing, history

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2025.1438.23