Articles
APPLICATION OF GROWTH REGULATORS FOR IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS
The genera chosen were: Dianthus, Gerbera, Chrysanthemum, Antirrhirinum, Freesia, Gladiolus, Lilium and Anthurium.
Some investigations concerning the influence of growth regulators on organogenetic phenomena within these genera were discussed.
The first recorded discussions on the possibility of inducing plant formation from small fragments of plant tissues were noted in the first half of the nineteenth century.
In 1902 Haberlandt hypothesized that each living plant cell has totipotency.
However, this thesis was not supported by experimental data because the first trials were not successful.
Scientists began to reflect on the physiological and biochemical basis of regeneration processes.
Investigations within this domain were started in the nineteen-twenties.
The first important successes were attained in the thirties with using, in the media, heteroauxin, newly discovered at the end of this decade.
It was found that heteroauxin played a fundamental role in the processes of de- and differentiation.
Following these first discoveries was a rapid development of investigations concerning the influence of growth regulators on morphogenesis in plant tissue culture in vitro.
In the fifties, Skoog and Miller /1957/ investigated regeneration in tobacco tissue cultures and they found that the balance between auxins and cytokinins plays a fundamental part in the course of organo- and morphogenesis.
Many experiments were then carried out which confirmed the corroboration of Skoog and Miller that auxins and cytokinins play the most important role in organogenesis.
In some species the influence of other growth regulators like gibberellins and inhibitors was found.
The knowledge of the biochemical processes involved in differentiation of individual species makes it possible to direct their development at our discretion by using different media.
The fact must be realized that the same composition of growth regulators in the medium may cause different reactions in different species and cultivars.
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