Articles
Direction of sour cherry breeding in Poland
Article number
1408_17
Pages
127 – 132
Language
English
Abstract
Beginning of regular sour cherry breeding in Poland dates back to the 1950s.
Breeding activity, focused on the extension of the range of cultivars well-suited to our bio-meteorological conditions, resulted in several promising cultivars such as ‘Nefris’, ‘Wanda’, ‘Lucyna’, ‘Sabina’, and then ‘Koral’ – all bred in the Institute of Horticulture in Skierniewice.
Later on, our breeding program has been targeted not only on high productivity and quality of fruits but also on the blooming and harvest time, as well as on suitability for mechanical harvesting.
Both were aimed at extending the period of availability of cherries on the market and reducing labor costs.
The breeding program has been constantly improving by using for hybridization new parental forms from Polish and foreign genetic resources.
Recently, breeding has been supported by the embryo rescue technique in case of difficulties in seed germination, and by SSR-based tests (molecular passport of the cultivars and confirmation of the progeny origin). Three latest results of our breeding – cultivars ‘Galena’, ‘Granda’ and ‘Ekowis’ were registered in the National List of Varieties of Fruit Plants in 2013, 2020 and 2021, respectively. ‘Granda’ and ‘Ekowis’ are also legally protected by Plant Breeders’ Rights in the Research Centre for Cultivar Testing (COBORU, PL). The new cultivars and clones characterize with low to moderate susceptibility to diseases, are suitable for processing and fresh consumption, ripen at total from June to the end of July, have high yields and some of them can be combine-harvested.
Breeding activity, focused on the extension of the range of cultivars well-suited to our bio-meteorological conditions, resulted in several promising cultivars such as ‘Nefris’, ‘Wanda’, ‘Lucyna’, ‘Sabina’, and then ‘Koral’ – all bred in the Institute of Horticulture in Skierniewice.
Later on, our breeding program has been targeted not only on high productivity and quality of fruits but also on the blooming and harvest time, as well as on suitability for mechanical harvesting.
Both were aimed at extending the period of availability of cherries on the market and reducing labor costs.
The breeding program has been constantly improving by using for hybridization new parental forms from Polish and foreign genetic resources.
Recently, breeding has been supported by the embryo rescue technique in case of difficulties in seed germination, and by SSR-based tests (molecular passport of the cultivars and confirmation of the progeny origin). Three latest results of our breeding – cultivars ‘Galena’, ‘Granda’ and ‘Ekowis’ were registered in the National List of Varieties of Fruit Plants in 2013, 2020 and 2021, respectively. ‘Granda’ and ‘Ekowis’ are also legally protected by Plant Breeders’ Rights in the Research Centre for Cultivar Testing (COBORU, PL). The new cultivars and clones characterize with low to moderate susceptibility to diseases, are suitable for processing and fresh consumption, ripen at total from June to the end of July, have high yields and some of them can be combine-harvested.
Publication
Authors
M.U. Korbin, E. Żurawicz, M. Szymajda, B. Idczak, A. Kuras, A. Masny
Keywords
Prunus cerasus, new cultivars, conventional & unconventional methods
Groups involved
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