Articles
Adaptive morphological aspects on the in vitro development of the plantlets from the local potato cultivars collection, preserved in slow growth conditions at Suceava Genebank
Article number
1391_32
Pages
231 – 238
Language
English
Abstract
Being a vegetatively propagated crop with a great importance, the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the subject of many experiments based on in vitro culture techniques, used at Suceava Genebank to maintain the collection of local cultivars.
Normally, the cultures must be subcultured on fresh multiplication medium, each 2-2.5 months.
The purpose of in vitro preservation is to reduce growth, allowing to extend the period between two subcultures to 2-3 years.
The development of plantlets regenerated in vitro can be influenced by the culture medium composition, by the environmental conditions within the storage room, and their interaction with the genotype constitutes an important source of variation.
Based on the phenotypic evaluation of the 116 accessions from the collection, the analysis of the percentages of the main morphological aspects of the plantlets (the type of shoots, leaves and roots, the generation of microtubers, etc.), a number of more than 30 adaptive reactions to the slow growth conditions were identified.
The above mentioned structures are the base of the subsequent cultures.
The main registered characteristics of the inoculums under slow growth conditions, were the reduced height of the plantlets (2-4 cm), by shortening the internodes, as well as the size of the leaves, which become scaly (1.5-2 mm), many of them growing on the shoots with a slightly hypertrophied and translucent appearance.
The plantlets color varied from white-yellowish and pale green, to dark green, brown, or dark violet.
Maintaining and knowing the characteristics of these cultivars, in particular the features of resistance to diseases, pests and environmental conditions, are activities of particular importance in the general framework of conservation of plant genetic resources.
Normally, the cultures must be subcultured on fresh multiplication medium, each 2-2.5 months.
The purpose of in vitro preservation is to reduce growth, allowing to extend the period between two subcultures to 2-3 years.
The development of plantlets regenerated in vitro can be influenced by the culture medium composition, by the environmental conditions within the storage room, and their interaction with the genotype constitutes an important source of variation.
Based on the phenotypic evaluation of the 116 accessions from the collection, the analysis of the percentages of the main morphological aspects of the plantlets (the type of shoots, leaves and roots, the generation of microtubers, etc.), a number of more than 30 adaptive reactions to the slow growth conditions were identified.
The above mentioned structures are the base of the subsequent cultures.
The main registered characteristics of the inoculums under slow growth conditions, were the reduced height of the plantlets (2-4 cm), by shortening the internodes, as well as the size of the leaves, which become scaly (1.5-2 mm), many of them growing on the shoots with a slightly hypertrophied and translucent appearance.
The plantlets color varied from white-yellowish and pale green, to dark green, brown, or dark violet.
Maintaining and knowing the characteristics of these cultivars, in particular the features of resistance to diseases, pests and environmental conditions, are activities of particular importance in the general framework of conservation of plant genetic resources.
Authors
A.C. Tanasă, D. Constantinovici, S. Străjeru
Keywords
Solanum tuberosum, in vitro conservation, shoot type, leaves size, root types, microtubers
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