Inheritance of peonidin 3-O-neohesperidoside synthesis in the petals of cyclamen

Red-flowered cyclamen cultivars contain peonidin 3-O-neohesperidoside (Pn3Nh) as the main anthocyanin in the petals, whereas no other major ornamental plants contain Pn3Nh as the main pigment in the petals.
Accumulation of neohesperidoside-type anthocyanins in the petals of ornamental plants is very rare, while some ornamental plants contain rutinoside-type anthocyanin in the petals.
Although peonidin 3-O-glucoside (Pn3G) is one of the most popular peonidin glycoside, no cyclamen cultivars with Pn3G but without Pn3Nh in the petals had been confirmed.
Since a red-flowered cyclamen line with Pn3G as the main pigment in the petals was bred in our laboratory, crosses between the line and the red-flowered cultivars with Pn3Nh as the main anthocyanin in the petals were performed to investigate the inheritance of Pn3Nh synthesis in the petals of cyclamen.
As the results, all the F₁ progenies contained Pn3Nh in the petals.
Both individuals contained Pn3Nh as the main pigment in the petals (Pn3Nh-type) and individuals contained Pn3G as the main pigment in the petals (Pn3G-type) were observed in the F₂ progenies, and the ratio fitted to 3:1 (Pn3Nh-type:Pn3G-type). Both L* and C* values in petals of the Pn3G-type F₂ progenies were lower than those in petals of the Pn3Nh-type F₂ progenies.
The results of this study indicate that Pn3Nh synthesis in the petals of cyclamen is a dominant characteristic, and the characteristic may be controlled by a single dominant gene.
The results also suggest that the Pn3Nh synthesis by rhamnosylation of Pn3G in the petals might affect the petal coloration.

IV Asian Horticultural Congress – AHC2023

T. Takamura, Y. Terada

anthocyanin, peonidin 3-O-glucoside, peonidin 3-O-rutinoside, petal coloration, rhamnosylation

https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2024.1404.115