Articles

Transcriptome analysis reveals senescence-related molecular mechanisms in Ornithogalum thyrsoides florets

Article number
1404_25
Pages
177 – 184
Language
English
Abstract
Ornithogalum thyrsoides is a bulbous ornamental crop for cut and potted flowers, and its florets show low ethylene sensitivity and thus wilting of tepals seems to be mainly regulated by an ethylene-independent process.
In this study, the expression of genes was analyzed by a transcriptome (RNA-seq) analysis to reveal molecular mechanisms of tepal senescence.
Plants were grown in pots and racemes were harvested at a greenhouse in Akita Prefectural University.
Cut flowers were dry-transported to Utsunomiya University in a cardboard box and then held at 20-21°C with 60% relative humidity under cool white fluorescent light (15 µmol m‑2 s‑1 photosynthetic photon flux density). The florets bloomed in turn from those at the base, and individual florets began to wilt in about a week, and completely withered in about 10 days.
Tepals were sampled at three stages, i.e., full bloomed (FB), early senescence (ES) (start of wilting) and complete senescence (CS) (fully folded and wilted). By the FB vs.
ES and FB vs.
CS comparisons, 578 and 1,173 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, respectively.
No significantly DEGs were found in ES vs.
CS. The gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that GO terms related to the polygalacturonase activity was significantly higher for CS than FB, and transmembrane transport and photosystem I, II were more enriched for FB compared to ES and CS. Transcripts per million (TPM) of senescence-specific cysteine protease 39, thiol protease SEN102, metacaspase-9, and vacuolar processing enzyme significantly increased in ES and CS compared to FB, suggesting that PCD and autophagy are involved in the senescence.
In addition, TPM of which NAC transcription factors including NAC010, NAC021, NAC048, NAC079, and NAP2 genes increased significantly during senescence.
Among the NAC genes detected as DEGs, NAP2 may play a role in the senescence of tepals in O. thyrsoides.

Publication
Authors
K. Yamane, M. Taguchii, R. Kitamura, T. Suzuki, T. Kurokura, H. Kanda
Keywords
NAC transcription factors, polygalacturonase, protease, senescence-associated genes, RNA-seq
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